Treatment that eliminates undesirable and toxic components in crude oils is known as ¡°refining¡± [ 9 ]. Refining is practically mandatory for crude oils that cannot be consumed as virgin oils to provide a product with an attractive appearance, a neutral taste, and more resistance to oxidation.
Which oils are dewaxed?
Sometimes the dewaxing process is added for types of oils rich in waxes (e.g., fatty acids with low solubility in oils and high-melting esters of fatty alcohols), such as corn, rice bran, canola, and sunflower oils [ 29 ]. The principle of physical refining includes the following three important steps.
What is the final step in the Physical refining of oil?
The final step in the physical refining of oils is deacidification and deodorization. Oils are deodorized under the conditions described above for chemical refining. Removal of volatile components such as free fatty acids, different off-flavors, contaminants (pesticides, light polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.).
What is degumming efficiency in oil refining?
The first step consists of subjecting the oil to phosphoric acid in the short-mix chemical refining process. For degumming, it is the most important stage, and it must be performed carefully [ 31, 43 ]. To evaluate degumming efficiency for a given refined oil sample, an analysis test called ¡°Degumming Efficiency¡± was developed.