Refining of soybean oil, to make a neutral, bland-flavored, and light-colored oil, results in several by-products. The by-products consist of various mixtures of phosphatides, unsaponifiables, glycerides, free fatty acids, and soap. Lecithin contains mostly hydratable phosphatides, together with some free fatty acids and neutral oil (glycerides).
What is physical based refining?
Physical-based refining requires natural materials to refine palm oil. They are bleaching earth (earth clay) and phosphoric acid. Steam (water) injection is used at the end of the process to remove free fatty acids (FFA) from the palm oil [ 4 ]. There are three processes in physical-based refining: degumming, bleaching, and deodorization.
Does soybean distillate have -tocopherol?
Although distillate from other oils may have higher levels of ¦Á-tocopherol, the larger volume of soybean oil processed makes soybean distillate an important source of natural vitamin E. TABLE 17.5. Deodorizer Distillate from Different Oils ( 3)
What is refining of palm oil?
The refining of palm oil improves the production of palm oil and its quality. It is a process to extract oil from crude palm oil (CPO) into an edible form. Before the refining process is conducted, CPO needs to be extracted from palm oil fruits. Figure 1 illustrates the production stages for CPO. Figure 1. Flow of crude palm oil production [ 1 ].
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